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Reservation - All is Not Lost

by Dr. Ravikirti

April 13, 2006

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I have been closely observing the reaction of the Indian youth that the OBC reservation issue has generated. I am sorry to say that the impact on the young mind has been largely negative. I would like to share some of my thoughts on the issue.

Some students of the general category, quite understandably, feel left out and uncared for in their own country. This is a very grave situation where a large section of a nation's youth feels pessimistic about their own future. I fully sympathise with my young compatriots. However, I would like them to understand that the situation is not as grim as they might think. Till now, we had 23 percent reservation for SCs and STs in higher education (IITs, central universities etc; there is already 50% reservation in central government jobs and 50% or more in most of the state government jobs and state level institutions of higher learning). This means that the general category students were hitherto competing for 77% of the total seats. If the proposed quota comes into force, they would now be competing for 50% seats. This is about one third reduction. I agree this is a very significant reduction. But two thirds of the current open seats will still be available for the general category students. So, all is not lost for them. Moreover, many of the OBC candidates who were, till now, competing in the general category may now choose to compete in the OBC quota as this will put them at an advantageous position in the allotment of faculty etc. This will help to ease off the competition for the general seats to some extent.

Several more institutions of higher learning are likely to come up all over the country, both in the private and government sectors, in the near future. There are already talks of starting many more IIT style technical colleges. This is going to increase the opportunity for everybody.

There will always be some people who will not be able to make it to their desired career destinations. There will be a natural tendency among the general quota students to blame it on reservations. But they should realise that the competition is tough anyway. So, they must avoid getting into a negative mindset and do their best to compete for whatever seats are left for them.

It is being feared that more reservations will compromise merit. No doubt the very concept of reservation means that factors other than merit are going to play a role in the selection process. However, this does not necessarily mean that people who are selected are merit-less and substandard. I have seen in state level entrance examinations that the cut-off for the OBC category is only marginally lower than the general cut-off. This is primarily because there are a lot of educated families among the so called "other backward classes".

Having said all that, I remain strongly opposed to the proposed reservations. My main reason for opposition is that reservation is a divisive measure. There was a time when caste system was gradually fading into oblivion, at least in urban India (and what happens in the cities today, happens in the villages tomorrow). I was in class VIII in 1990. Nobody ever bothered to know each other's caste. (Don't think we were too small. We had very strong opinions on everything from Ram Mandir to the Gulf War.) I was sure that my generation was going to break the shackles of caste and lay the foundations of a strong and united India. But alas, that one evening! We all became aware of our caste identities. Overnight we all got interested in each other's caste. Mr. V P Singh had pushed the Indian society several decades back into the past.

Whatever be the historical background of the caste system (whatever is taught in our history books need not necessarily be true!), it is absolutely mandatory for India's unity and progress that the Hindu society rids itself of the caste system. But unfortunately, the current reservation system encourages people to hold on to their caste identities. Politicians who fail miserably to impress the electorate with their good work, find it easier to evoke casteist passions to garner votes.

I am optimistic that India's youth will be able to see through this sinister game plan and ensure that it does not further spoil our social fabric and give our enemies a chance to smile.

Be very sensitive to each other's views and concerns. Avoid groupism in the campus. General category students should not bear any ill-will against their colleagues who come through quota. After all, it is not their fault. If they did not avail it, somebody else would have done.

We all have to work collectively for a better future for all of us. Only then can we defeat the divide and rule policy of the likes of Mr. Arjun Singh.

 

Comments:
Dr Ravikirti's pacifying comments are well taken and I agree students from general category will pursue their education with stronger resolve but the fact is why have a policy that is so illogical and pseudo-democratic.

It is unfortunate that we have to discuss these (read caste related) issues even after almost 60 years of Independence and even more frustrating is the fact that there are quite a few folks among the intellectual class supportive of the ill-devised reservation policy on caste lines.

With due respect to Mr. Prabhat (see here), I would request him to answer some of the basic questions I have about this whole reservation saga.

1. He justifies reservation for OBCs. Why on earth does he rule out some general category folks living in rural India and below poverty line to avail of this benefit? He might argue that their number is minimal but disqualifying them defies any logic. What wrong have they done, besides their fate of being born in upper caste family, to see their brethren from lower caste in the same village getting the advantage (and this assumes the benefits of reservation policy reaches to the Indian villages).

2. He justifies reservation in premier educational institutions like IIMs and IITs on the basis that folks from lower caste should have access to state of art institutions irrespective of merit. Well, why does he want to limit the reservation only in education, why not a fixed quota, say 50% in some other fields like Indian Cricket Team, Olympics squad, Bollywood to name a few. Assuming his logic is correct, I see no harm in extending reservation policy even in aforementioned fields.

One reason that is given in support of the reservation policy is that the folks from OBCs etc have been downgraded and ill treated in the past. I guess there is some truth there. But then if that is the case and we try to employ this somewhat "vindictive" strategy in other areas, then we will never progress. On the other hand should we not try and look in future from development perspective and work towards creating opportunities and ensure everybody gets a level playing field. If poor economic condition acts as a hurdle we should look towards providing financial help rather than through reservation system that has a potential of creating a huge disharmony among the masses. - Ravindra Shahi - Apr. 13, 2006

I have read all that appeared in PatnaDaily.Com on reservation issue. The arguments presented by Mr. Prabhat Sinha (myths vs. facts) in favour of reservations were just hilarious. It really added some humor to this serious topic!! PatnaDaily.Com could have easily published it in the Oops section.

With due respect to him personally, the way Mr. Prabhat Sinha has twisted 'myths' to justify his 'facts' is commendable. Who said Mr. V P Singh has left a vacuum in politics? There are plenty of Prabhat Sinha's to step in. In his arguments I can see a formidable politician in making.

The article by Mr. Ravikirti and response by Mr. Ravindra Shahi was quite good. Mr. Prabhat Sinha can pick up some more facts (Oops myths !!) from there.

Seriously, all this talk of justifying reservations is pure nonsense, to say the least. If somebody is economically weak, support him with money; if somebody is intellectually weak there should be provision for him in schools for extra teachers and extra teaching hours as it happens in most of the European countries. If somebody is mentally retarded, arrange for special schools for them. Every effort should be made to make them independent human beings who can contribute to the society. By the same logic if someone is insane send him to mental asylum. It's as simple as that.

European countries are dealing with more aging population. So they are coming up with more old age homes. In India are we dealing with problems of mentally retarded teenagers or young people who lack IQ to compete in exams. If yes, then emphasis should be on opening fully equipped schools for handicapped/mentally retarded persons. Providing reservations in IITs/IIMS is not a solution.

I have full sympathy for the next generation of youths who are lacking academically because of congenital (by birth) or acquired problems. But reservation is no solution - it hasn't worked and it will never work. Reservation itself declares that there was a compromise on merit - there is no argument on that.

If someone is intellectually poor why are we luring him to study rocket science? Just because he is OBC and it's his turn now to go to space (I assume Mr. Rakesh Sharma was not an OBC)? He/she can get get other vocational training. IITS/and IIMS can be left and should be left for the best. We can easily open (and it's already coming up) other vocational training centres where second bests can get training. IITS and IIMS are not the end of life.

We have to acknowledge that in a group of 20 students someone has to be best and someone has to be worst - doesn't matter which caste he belongs to. That doesn't mean the worst guy has no right to live on this earth. But definitely he should contend with RIT's and other regional MBA centres - no point in asking for reservation to climb up the ladder. - Dr Pankaj Kumar Mishra, UK - Apr. 13, 2006


I myself witnessed the situation while I got good marks and ranked better than my SC/ST/OBC counterparts in various entrance examination e.g. NLSIU, Bangalore; NUJS, Kolkata; NIFT-UG Design Final Merit List; CEPT University, Ahmedabad and AIEEE- Architecture merit list (I missed SPA, Delhi) and many more.

Finally, I got through many national level institutions but lost two golden years of my life.

It's all due to the quota system.

If all "other" students have guts/talent, why can't they come through the general quota proving their ‘talent’? The whole idea of reservation is really absurt. - S. Singh (A student from Gopalganj district in Bihar) - Apr. 14, 2006


The Prime Minister said, ‘‘Getting rivals to disagree and turning debate into a gladiatorial sport may be entertaining and commercially rewarding. But does it help society move forward? Our democracy may be better off it we can increase the area of agreement rather than sharpen disagreements.’’

To quote his exact words: ‘‘Mass media may give greater expression to those who are vocal and articulate but it is the electoral process that reflects the will of the silent majority. No democratically elected Government can ignore the interests of the silent majority.’’


In a message ostensibly directed at the media—but aimed, perhaps, equally at alliance partners and supporting parties—Singh underlined the importance of ‘‘discussion’’ as opposed to ‘‘debate.’’ A discussion, he said, ‘‘can facilitate a consensus’’ while a debate ‘‘invariably divides opinion.’’

Having quoted the Prime Minister I would like to answer the following

a) "Why have a policy that is so illogical and pseudo-democratic".

Indian history and Indian culture still sustains the caste system and religion. Even if the GDP of India will be above 10% ,these things will not change but people will become more and more liberal in thoughts .Economy and politic go hand in hand, caste system may get replaced by class -Rich and Poor and doing OK Class or Elite and non Elite ,but the perspective remains the same .

After Independence, 22% quota was reserved for SC/ST and this was very logical thing to do because terms like untouchable and other varied forms of the social injustice existed in our country at that time .The whole idea to give them reservation was to make them economically developed so that they can join the mainstream. Democracy means every people should get a chance to put forward his thoughts and convictions. We fought for independence because they use to say “Indians and Dogs are not allowed “. Stating the reservation percentage is well tested implementation and it is part of all kind of democracy –developed, developing and undeveloped.

Institute like IIT and IIM have till date produced Engineers and Managers who work for other countries because our country can not afford to pay them handsome salary and luxurious life. It is high time to bring these institutions into our social development process. If you have merit and dedication no body can stop you from shining. Bill Gate is college drop out. Narayan Murthy is not an IIT'Ian. People join these institutes to become hero from zero .If these institutes are constrained to just make hero from the persons who are already capable of becoming a hero then these institutes should not be aided by Indian government.

Even if these institutes are run under private administration then also they should participate in uplifting the social system. Education is all about uplifting the society and if OBC are not capable of reaching these institutes then government should pave a way for them.

b) “Why not a fixed quota, say 50% in some other fields like Indian Cricket Team, Olympics squad, Bollywood to name a few. Assuming his logic is correct; I see no harm in extending reservation policy even in aforementioned fields.”

Quota system in undocumented form is already there in Indian Cricket Team, Olympics squad, Bollywood. Jr. AB is one of such example. He got 20 flops opportunity to prove his mettle. Rohan Gavaskar is playing from Calcutta because of this quota system only. We should not forget Ganguly vs. Chapel episode. In Bollywood, those who could not avail this quota system have become victim of casting couch. Quota system in undocumented form was always there in Indian Society and it still exists.

The objective of any quota system is make opportunity available to less deserving and democracy should always favor downtrodden.

c) "I was sure that my generation was going to break the shackles of caste and lay the foundations of a strong and united India. But alas, that one evening! We all became aware of our caste identities. Overnight we all got interested in each other's caste. Mr. V P Singh had pushed the Indian society several decades back into the past."

We do not choose our caste, race, religion. Since we are educated we know these things does not matter anymore. People like Arjun Singh or VP Singh are not capable of convincing any educated person to make a wrong choice.

The socio–economic condition of present India is such that it does not have sufficient budget to make thousands IITs or invest billion to uplift the mass so that all should be at the same platform to take off. When 80% of the Indian people belongs to backward castes and of which 80% are poor, the choice for Indian government are limited. - Narayan Prasad - Apr. 14, 2006


Dear Mr. Narayan Prasad,

Thanks for enlightening us on the importance of “discussion” as compared to “debate”. But I guess a debate does have an important role to play to arrive at correct decisions.

Well, every person has a right to choose one's profession and you cannot stop a barber's son to get inspired by his father's profession and choose that as a livelihood. The same goes for a tailor's son, mechanic's son etc and an actor's son has every right to do so as well. In the case of AB launching his son, please remember it is either his or the producer's money that is at stake and is not unethical if they want to spend it by making a wrong investment. It may not be the most ideal thing but I don't see any injustice being meted out to anybody else because they are not tampering with the government resources.

I don’t understand why you should bring Ganguly vs Chappel episode in this discussion.

“Casting Couches” is a scandal and there is no policy or law supporting this. Please don’t try to prove your point by citing these examples. On a lighter note, I am sure actors like Pankaj Kapoor, Om Puri etc were not beneficiaries of any quota system, you have mentioned, when they were struggling to make a mark in the film industry. So did they also have to be victims of the casting couch syndrome or anything like that to make it big in filmdom?

I am not sure if Rohan Gavaskar got any benefits because of inheriting the surname from his father. Let us, for argument sake, accept there is some truth behind your findings. But did we ever say this is acceptable and should be practiced? Again, you cannot justify the reservation policy by coming up with such pale analogies and reasoning. Mistakes are bound to be committed in implementation of policies but trying to prevent wrong policies from being implemented is what we are discussing.

People leaving their country or motherland and going for greener pastures is not limited to IITs and IIMs. And going by your logic, will you ridicule the students who after graduating from Bihar, leave their state and work in other parts of the country? Will you also ridicule all the laborers who go to Punjab, Delhi to earn a livelihood? If you create country based boundaries then state based boundary is just an extension. I see a huge contradiction in your logic.

Frankly speaking I didn’t understand what you actually wanted to convey by citing the examples of Narayan Murthy and Bill Gates and also the significance of “Hero from Zero” or “Zero from Hero” or whatever. Are you trying to say that IITs and IIMs should admit Zeros (I assume students without any merit) and convert them into Heroes (Einsteins and Newtons)? WOW, that is something I am sure no body will oppose. Kudos for coming up with such a great great suggestion that none of us have thought about. Hope it happens pretty quick. - Ravindra Shahi - Apr. 14, 2006


If the majority of the Indian poor belong to the backward castes, they would have still be benefited if reservations were based on economic criteria. This would do away with the need for a candidate to declare his caste. But unfortunately, reservation based on economic criteria does not have the same vote-bank potential as caste based reservations. - Dr Ravikirti - Apr. 14, 2006


Debate or discussion - what's the point of having it when you know which party is going to come out stronger? Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, when he says, "Our democracy may be better off if we can increase the area of agreement rather than sharpen disagreements," didn't he mean that only the meritorious upper caste people should agree to everything that is being shoved down their throat? You know quite well that the government will do what it wants to do to get votes - discussion or not! Does anyone has any doubt that this 49% reservation in IIT/IIMs will not be implemented? And we haven't even come close to the end of it. Next election it will go up to 65% and then 80% and then 100% because that's the only way to emancipate these people with 'oh-my-life-had-been-so-difficult-because-of-the-upper-caste-people' syndrome.

"When 80% of the Indian people belongs to backward castes and of which 80% are poor...," Really? I didn't know Lalu, Rabri, Paswan and Shyam Rajak were poor. Thanks for the info. And I suppose the 20% forward castes are all rich and affluent; none of them is poor! - Anil Kumar - Apr, 15, 2006

Discussion on this topic is now closed.

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