English Education in Bihar

By Bhaskaranand Jha Bhaskar
Kolkata

July 9, 2008

In Bihar, English education has always been the top priority of the guardians who want their children to be well-versed and well-conversant in this global language. It is common knowledge that Bihari students are good at English grammar and to some extent English writing. However, when it comes to speaking out, they feel tongue tied and can't communicate properly in the absence of exposure to English communication. The simple reason for this is that in classrooms more emphasis is attached to improving writing skills than to speaking ones. Consequently, they keep lagging behind in spite of good knowledge of all grammatical and syntactical rules.

Some days back I happened to read a good article published in The Hindu (Tuesday, Feb 12, 2008) bringing to our notice the annual status report on education. According to this report, school children in Bihar have been found doing better in English and Mathematics than students in other parts of the country. It is to be noted that the report was released by Deputy Chairman of Planning Commission Montek Singh Ahluwalia in New Delhi.

In order to dispel the inferiority complex from the mind of the people living in Bihar it deserves to be mentioned here that the first book in English by an Indian was written by a Bihari. This writer was none other than Dean Mahomed who was born in Patna in 1759. His "Travels" (completed on January 15, 1794) was the first book in English by an Indian. But Dean Mahomed was not the only Bihari to have left his mark on Indian English literature. Bihar is the land which is proud to have produced one of the most remarkable English writers in the form of George Orwell whose celebrated book "Animals Farm" needs no introduction .

There are, of course, also a few contemporary or recent writers from Bihar who remain quite visible in the English-reading world. Among such Bihari writers writing in English Upamanyu Chatterjee, Amitava Kumar, Tabish Khair, Siddhartha Chowdhury, Indrani Aikath-Gyaltsen are the most remarkable literary figures who have greatly contributed to the Indian English Literature with their literary output and won the laurel as such.

Some of the prominent teachers who taught me and did a lot for arousing in me literary and linguistic taste in English language and literature when I was doing MA in English in Lalit Narayan Mithila University, Darbhanga, are now teaching in most renowned universities and institutes of the country and abroad as well. Dr. Pashupati Jha is teaching in IIT Roorkee, and so is Dr. Binod Mishra. Another teacher Dr. Mukesh Ranjan Verma is the Head of Department of English in Gurukul Kangari University. Some, though they have retired, are earning name and fame abroad by teaching English. This is all about English teachers whom I know. Like them, there are definitely a large number of other competent and efficient teachers, unknown to me, who are fetching Bihar a great name and fame.

Let's hone our skills in spoken English and prove that we are no less than anyone in speaking skills with correct neutral accent.

 

Comments:
For a distinguished teacher of English in old Bihar please visit  http://drvidyarthy.hypermart.net  - M. Verma - July 9, 2008

The medium of education in Bihar always used to be English till 1967 when the then newly appointed Education Minister Karpoori Thakur made English Language non-compulsory and hence thereafter the quality of English learning witnessed a sharp fall.

Perhaps it was among the few decisions that ultimately backfired and stalled the very progress of English (the global language) education in Bihar. - Prerna - July 11, 2008


I appreciate your effort. A good article all together. - Manish Kumar, Gurgaon - July 11, 2008


English syllabus has been revised by the SCERT recently and new panel of experts have been working to bring new changes in English for Bihar. The last English book was written in 1977 and that was the basis for English learning in Bihar for 30 years. It was simple and was made in such way that any Bihari could read and understand the language easily.

The English language can influence our cultural, social, political, and economic life at large.

So to strengthen Bihar, there is an urgent need to make this subject compulsory and students should be allowed to do more speaking and listening and exposed to other types of English spoken in Gulf and South Asian countries. - Dr. Sanjeev Dhari Sinha, Germany - July 15, 2008


It is true that Biharis do find it difficult speaking in English. However, the reason which I see behind this is more related to psychological aspect of the issue.

Biharis have a definite accent while speaking and this accent is often mocked at by media, films, and people outside Bihar who consider themselves more polished and refined, and capable of speaking English with proper accent.

This unnecessarily creates the feeling of inferiority complex in the minds of a common Bihari who has good knowledge of English but hesitates while speaking. Hence, too much emphasis on speaking with proper accent is inappropriate.

When a South Indian can be accepted with his accent, or a Bengali can be accepted with his heavily accented English, then even a Bihari must be accepted with equal respect. It is we Biharis who first need to realise that we must not be ashamed or hesitant of our accent, till we are speaking correctly. I have heard Lalu Yadav speak English with a true Bihari accent, and he has never failed to impress. What is required is breaking the psychological barrier which English has created in our minds. English as a language is as simple and beautiful as any other language, but nothing more. Speaking English should not be a status symbol, as is the mindset of our generation. That too, speaking with the 'proper' accent is something which not only should not be promoted, but it is also dangerous to our societal fabric and our native languages. It will corrode our respect for our own languages, and we will begin to believe that it is the accent which we adopted from our mother tongue which is the culprit behind our improperly accented English.

Yes, knowing how to speak good English is definitely a bonus, since knowledge of more languages makes one versatile and helps in career advancement. But this knowledge must not be considered as a means of gaining more respect and status in the society. One should speak English with confidence, one should speak with good knowledge, wherever needed; but one should not speak only to avoid feeling inferior or outcast, or to gain greater respect in society.

A Frenchman speaks French with full pride, and speaks English only when required; the Chinese treat knowledge of English as a necessary evil; it is only we Indians who are the victim of the colonial legacy and linguistic subjugation that we treat English as a language of the elite and successful. If we need to change something, then it is this mindset we need to change. It is only then that English will be put at its proper place in the colorful and glorious pot of Indian languages and civilisation. Jai Hind! - Prem Shankar - July 15, 2008


English is the lingua franca - a passport to service and good things of life. But one should not neglect the national language. When Mrs. Pandit - the Indian ambassador to Russia - presented her credentials to Stalin in English, the Russia's strongman is alleged to have asked his aide, "Don't these people have their own language?" Thank you. - Satya - July 15, 2008


I very much agree with Mr. Prem and Mr. Satya. It should be an eye opener to all of us. I refer to an article written by me for PatnaDaily.Com. The state government must give Bihari languages (Magadhi, Bhojpuri, Maithili), the due recognition and importance they deserve. Students should have an option to learn these languages in schools and colleges in Bihar, just like Urdu and Bengali, which is taught in Bihari schools and colleges. The government should use these languages to communicate with the local people in the respective regions, so that they don't feel awkward when they are not able to understand or speak correct Hindi and the basic institutions of the government reach the common people.

I refer to another article on PatnaDaily.Com. Are not we aware that Bihari languages don't make a difference between Hua and Hui while Hindi does? How do I remember saying, "Loktantra ki Jeet Hui", when I don't have such concepts of Hua and Hui in my mother tongue? There are so many words, each associated with either Hua or Hui, which is so inconvenient for Biharis to remember, because this Hindi grammatical rule conflicts with that of our mothertongue's rule. These prejudices will not vanish until the state government gives importance to Bihari languages on a political level and people are made aware of it. I hope everyone is aware that Bihari languages, after 50 years of independence, have been accepted as independent languages like Tamil or Oriya, unlike the previous belief that they were dialects of Hindi. Doesn't that mean that the central government had knowingly forced to believe Biharis till now that Bihari languages were dialects of Hindi, and so isn't this the reason for the present pathetic condition of these languages? And where was the state government? At least now the government should understand the needs of it's people and work and fight for them. - Manoj Kumar, Mumbai - July 17, 2008


Linguistic chauvinism of any kind is deplorable. Languages are part of a culture and cultures need to be evolved and adapted to the contemporary
world. They need conservation only if they are obsolete and archaic (e.g. Latin, Sanskrit). Prakrit evolved from Sanskrit, Khari-Boli from Prakrit, and Hindi (Urdu) from Khari-Boli.

State-wide statistical comparisons are inevitable however, they are spoken in political circles more often.

Language skills are a prerequisite to communicate well. But, if we are too cautious about the accent, it only shows that we do not find dignity in our cultural identity. I am not sure who should take the blame for that; not I for sure. :) - Kumod Jha - July 18, 2008


According to the census of India, 2001, the total population of Bihar in 2001 was 82,998,509. Rural population was 74,316,709. That means that 90% of the people in Bihar lived in villages in 2001. Almost every one in rural Bihar speaks local languages and not Hindi. Even if we assume that 20% of the rural population speak either Urdu or Hindi as their 1st language, which sounds unrealistic, still we can very safely conclude that more then 65-70% of the total population of Bihar speaks local languages. That is why these languages deserve recognition from the central and state government. These languages don't need any conservation. We need to understand that these languages are the modern languages of Bihar and are the key to the development of the human resources in rural Bihar. Until the state recognizes these languages and use them to communicate and educate the rural population, these people will live like 2nd grade citizens, spending their energy to learn English or trying to speak correct Hindi, so as to join the mainstream. - Manoj Kumar - July 22, 2008

Discussion on this topic is now closed.

 

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